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Just some words and experiences from installing Ubuntu 7.10 into a second 150 GB partition, created on my 2nd hard disk, and some initial downloads, compiles and links ...
Machine Configuration: LAN Name: DELL02
Dell XPS420 (D01X408),
CPU: Intel Core 2 Quad CPU Q6600 @ 2.40GHz (viiv - 64-bit),
RAM: 2046 MB,
HDD: 2 x 298 GB ATA 7200Rpm
- Disk 0: Vista Ultimate - 32-bit - ntfs,
- Disk 1: split into 2 partitions,
-- partition 1 - ntfs for Windows (Disk 2),
-- partition 2 - Ubuntu 7.10 amd64 gutsy OS - 50 GB - ext2 +
swap - 1GB, + balance ~99GB - FAT32
Video: ATI Radeon HD 2600 XT (256MB),
Display: Dell 19" flat screen, generic PnP Monitor, run at 1280x1024, 76 Hz,
DVD Drive: RW,
Dell All-In-One Printer 810,
etc ... total Euro 1,418.- delivered.
The first hard disk, and the first partition on the 2nd hard disk, are for Windows Vista, already installed.
As I proceeded with the installation steps, eventually there is the hard disk arrangement - this showed something like - I wish I had written this as I was doing it, because I can not now exactly remember what was shown, but it was something like :-
Device Type Mount point Format? Size Used /dev/hda /dev/sda1 ntfs /media/sda1 [ ] 320070 MB 28600 MB /dev/hdb /dev/sdb1 ntfs /media/sdb1 [ ] 167356 MB 3200 MB /dev/sdb2 ntfs /media/sbd2 [ ] 152714 MB 0 MB
First, to be SURE that nothing would be written to hda, nor hdb sdb1, I initially selected these, and chose the 'dontuse' option, or a similar word to that effect.
Then I started to further partition the hdb, sdb2 ... 150GB ...
1. establish a root for linux - /dev/sdb2 ext2 / [x] 50000 MB 0 MB
2. establish a swap area - /dev/sdb3 swap [ ] 995 MB 0 MB
3. format the balance - /dev/sdb4 fat32 /windows [x] 101713 MB 0 MB
So as a final set I had -
Device Type Mount point Format? Size Used /dev/hda /dev/sda1 ntfs [ ] 320070 MB 28600 MB /dev/hdb /dev/sdb1 ntfs [ ] 167356 MB 3200 MB /dev/sdb2 ext2 / [x] 50000 MB 0 MB /dev/sdb3 swap [ ] 995 MB 0 MB /dev/sdb4 fat32 /windows [x] 101713 MB 0 MB
Tuesday, April 01, 2008.
After a few days of great playing, I came to a sudden HALT. I would get the desktop background, but no menu or status line ... I could right click the mouse, and get a dialog, but that was it ;=((
I searched and searched for others with this problems, and found a few mentions in the forums, but nothing I tried helped. I eventually bit-the-bullet, and RE-INSTALLED the whole shebang from the ISO CD-ROM ;=()
This time I used the following, so that my first partition on drive 2 would also be mounted :-
Device Type Mount point Format? Size Used /dev/hda /dev/sda1 ntfs [ ] 320070 MB 28600 MB /dev/hdb /dev/sdb1 ntfs /media/sdb1 [ ] 167356 MB 3200 MB /dev/sdb2 ext2 / [x] 50000 MB ? MB /dev/sdb3 swap [ ] 995 MB 0 MB /dev/sdb4 fat32 /windows [ ] 101713 MB 0 MB
When completed, this gave me a 'Disk 2' icon on the desktop ... and after I had let the few hundred updates complete, I had to repeat -
$ sudo apt-get install cvs
$ sudo apt-get install svn
$ sudo apt-get install libc6-dev-i386
$ sudo apt-get install rpm
$ sudo apt-get install libtool
$ sudo apt-get install automake
$ sudo apt-get install texinfo
$ sudo apt-get install cmake
$ sudo apt-get install alien
to name BUT A FEW ...
Then repeat all that follows, this time without so many mistakes ;=))
After re-doing most of the below, the next day, Ubuntu failed after the login. I could see the top menu line, and bottom menu line 'flash' on and off after sign-in, but eventually a (more or less) blank desktop arrived! UGH ;=((
It took me some time to 'see' the small [Options] at the bottom of the sign in screen, and I tried some things in its menu ... but then eventually ran across the information I had been looking for -
How to install Kubuntu? See: http://psychocats.net/ubuntu/kde - for a great, clear description ... So using Alt+Ctrl+F4, I logged into the terminal ... and did the following commands -
$ sudo aptitude update, and
$ sudo aptitude install kubuntu-desktop
This downloaded LOTS OF THINGS ;=)) Then I got a screen - Configuring kdm, which advised only one display manager can manage a given X server, but multiple display manager packages are installed. Please select which display manager should run by default.
It goes on to say multiple display managers can run simultaneously if they are configured to manage different servers; to achieve this, configure the display managers accordingly, edit each of the init scripts in /etc/init.d, and disable the check for a default display manager. <Ok>
From the above page, I now chose 'kdm' ...
Then I was asked a BIG question, which seemed unrelated - Postfix Configuration - Please select
the mail server configuration type that best meets your needs -
- No configuration: - leave current unchanged
- Internet site: - Mail is sent and received directly using SMTP
- Internet with smarthost: - received using SMTP, or by running fetchmail, and out by
smarthost.
- Satellite system: All sent to another machine, called smarthost for delivery.
- Local only: only for local users. There is no network.
I choose 'No configuration', figuring I can deal with this later ... had to use TAB key to
navigate through these dialogs, since 'no mouse' is active ... Hundreds of other things flash
by ... until it all ended ... do -
$ sudo reboot
It all returned predominately 'blue' ... after signing into the new 'bluish' sign in, there were some flashes at the top and bottom, but eventually back to the Ubuntu brown failed desktop. But OOPS! Missed a clear additional instruction, namely to select KDE as the display ....
I read that I can REMOVE all this with :-
$ sudo aptitude remove kubuntu-desktop
Now I have the nice blue KDE desktop = *** BACK IN BUSINESS ***.
Now I find the 'Terminal' program again, but not before I try the Konsole shell ;=)) In here there appear some 'strange' keyboard actions! But I will work with it for a while, and we shall see ... it seems for now I prefer the Konsole terminal ...
Next I installed cvs and svn with command like -
$ sudo apt-get install cvs
$ sudo apt-get install svn
I then proceeded to download some open sources, but the first time I ran ./configure I got an error that said something like the gcc compiler can not create executables ???
I fiddle a little with -
$ sudo apt-get update
but some of this failed ...
I tried to compile a simple program - test1.c
#include <stddef.h>
#include <stdio.h>
int main( int argc, char * * argv )
{
printf( "Running %s ...\n", argv[0] );
return 0;
}
However, attempting to compile this with -
$ gcc test1.c
failed with the message that it could not find 'stdio.h' ...
A search of my new system with :-
$ find / -name "stdio.h" -type f -printf 2>/dev/null
showed that the file did NOT exist ... the '2>/dev/null' is to suppress all the 'permissions
denied' that you get when doing such a root, '/', search ...
I eventually found -
$ sudo apt-get install libc6-dev-i386
This installed the main system headers, including <stdio.h> ... which I think was the
reason for the gcc compiler to fail ... now 'stdio.h' could be found in -
/usr/include/bits/stdio.h
/usr/include/stdio.h
And I had my first executable, a.out, which, when run -
$ ./a.out
ouput -
"Running ./a.out"
I have my FIRST executable up and running ;=)) Now, I can proceed to compile other things ...
As usual, this is available as -
1. CVS repository - the development source
2. Snapshot - gzipped tar file - daily of CVS code
3. Releases - gzipped tar file - unpack and compile
4. RPMs - an out-of-data (1999) - use rpmfind
Since I do want to become familiar to rpm, I try -
$ rpm --help (my first try of any new command)
and it advises do -
$ sudo apt-get install rpm
Now -
$ rpm --help
prints out a long list of options
And to run aclocal, needed -
$ sudo apt-get install automake
I eventually used CVS ... but on running the first command -
$ aclocal
I get a warning:
configure.ac:121: warning: macro 'AM_PROG_LIBTOOL' not found in library.
I try -
$ libtool --help
and get try, which I do ...
$ sudo apt-get install libtool
Now I get HELP from the --help command ...
This time -
$ aclocal
quietly finishes ... now try -
$ autoheader
That too finishes quietly ... now
$ automake
This gives lots of output, but nothing looks particularly 'threatening' ... so on with
$ autoconf
which end quietly. So far so good ;=))
Now I am ready (I think) for -
$ ./confiure
This has a LONG output ... not all of which is available in my current terminal buffer - must
get around to increasing this - One of the 'no' noted was zlib... no - maybe I should download,
compile and install this first ... also openSSL, direct WAIS, POSIX regex, SOCKS, SOCKS5,
SOCKS4, mysql, WebDAV, extension methods, also had NO ;=(('
See below, I make and install zlib, and libpng ... then back to here ... but another run of
./configure still shows no 'to support zlib' so this did nothing ... oh, well ...
$ make
runs for quite a while, with quite a number of warnings flashing by, but completes, so try -
$ sudo make install
This has lots of output, but seemingly no errors, so maybe I have libwww now installed ???
NOTE: I later decide that my distribution, or some subsequent 'apt-get install' had installed a zlib (libz or -lz), and this compile, and install caused PROBLEMS, until I uninstalled it ;=((
After downloading and unpacking the zlib-1.2.3.tar.gz file, I run -
$ ./configure
$ make test
$ make install
and it appears Zlib is done ... but ended up later doing ...
$ ./configure -s
$ make test
$ sudo make install
BUT, after having the problem 'undefined symbol: gzopen64, found that libz.so.1.2.3 that I
compiled did NOT contain this service, so did -
$ sudo make uninstall
to remove it.
There already exists a /usr/lib/libz.so.1.2.3.3, which DOES contain this function. So while libz.1.2.3 might be needed for FG, it should only be installed locally, and perhaps under another name ... ??? ... so things to work out here ???
Now a problem I was having with the gthumb image viewer has gone away - PHEW!!!
After downloading and unpacking the libpng-1.2.25.tar.gz file, I run -
$ ./configure
$ make check
BUT during the link I get an ERROR -
/usr/local/lib.libz.a(crc32.c): relocation R_X86_64_32 against 'a local symbol' can not be used
when making a shared object; recompile with -fPIC ...
So this puts the problem back on Zlib ??? But how to re-compile Zlib adding this -fPIC flag ???
The zlib Makefile says use -
$ ./confgure -s
for using the shared library ... try that ... now I see -fPIC is added to the gcc command
...and -
$ make test
says *** zlib test OK ***, then
$ sudo make install
Then back to libpng, to see if this improved things ... now ...
$ ./configure
$ make check
ends with 'All 1 test passed' ... things are hopping, so
$ sudo make install
ends without a whimper ;=))
This I first downloaded as a tar.gz, but then later found the CVS repository, so used that in work/curl ...
$ ./buildconf
$ ./configure
$ make
$ sudo make install
With curl and libwww built and installed, it was time to try xmlrpc-c ...
$ ./configure
$ make
Ran into some small problems in the xmlrpc_curl_transport.c, and reported these to Bryan, the xmlrpc-c maintainer, and hope these make it into SVN soon.
Also had a problem with linking with libwww, but this has been resolved. After reporting the problem, it was solved in a subsequent SVN update. Apparently the gcc link order was incorrect, and libwwwcore (-lwwwcore) was being loaded before the object source that required services from this library.
from : http://www.nongnu.org/synaptic/
$ sudo apt-get install synaptic
but found this already installed, but for some reason it fails to run ... tried to load this
application many times from the KDE menu, but it always 'quits' without coming up ...
It now works fine - I think this was another problem caused by the zlib compile and install, but maybe not. I use it more frequently in place of the command line 'apt-get install <package>', since it has a package search function, and also resolves additional dependencies ...
from : http://sourceforge.net/cvs/?group_id=27659
$ cvs -d:pserver:anonymous@tidy.cvs.sourceforge.net:/cvsroot/tidy
login
pwd: enter key only
$ cvs -z3 -d:pserver:anonymous@tidy.cvs.sourceforge.net:/cvsroot/tidy
co -P tidy
In the folder tidy/build/gmake the readme.txt just says -
$ gmake
But to be able to do gmake, I first needed a symbolic link, in a $HOME/bin folder I created -
$ ln -s /usr/bin/make gmake
And to add this folder to the PATH, I created a $HOME/.bash_aliases, with the additional entries of -
export PATH=${PATH}:$HOME/bin
Then I was able to 'gmake' Tidy executable ... I copied this executable to $HOME/bin so it would be available to run at any time ... and I later learned that the installed 'make' is in fact the GNU make, so this gmake is not really necessary ...
All in all I would say this installation of ubuntu 7.10 (gutsy), and later kubuntu, has been good, even though I think some of my own mistakes caused it to mal-function, and required re-installation. As I learnt more I now think I could have recovered from those errors without re-installing, but the learning curve is very steep! Perhaps the point is, if you are a newbie, especially if you are sometimes fearless (and stupid!), that you treat the first installation only as a test, and be prepared to re-install it.
The installation is EASY. In my case just putting the CD-ROM I burnt from the downloaded ISO file into the CD-ROM drive, and booting from that drive. As noted, this machine already had Vista Ultimate installed, and I ended up with an easy dual-boot capability.
Geoff R. McLane
Wednesday, April 02, 2008 - March 31, 2008.
EOF - ubuntu-01.doc